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FRC Intelligence · Lender Score · 2025

One score.
Four truths.

Data: CFPB HMDA loan-level 2023–2025 · 1M+ FHA applications · 6 major lenders
Dimensions: Denial disparity · DTI cliff · CLTV-85 wall · Behavioral stability
Updated annually · Not sponsored by any lender

Credit Score measures the borrower. FRC Lender Score measures the lender. Four dimensions. One number. Based entirely on how each lender actually behaves with real applications — not what they say in ads.

Denial Disparity 40% CLTV-85 Wall 25% DTI Cliff 20% Stability 15%

What each dimension measures

DimensionWeightWhat it capturesSource
Denial Disparity40%How much more/less a lender denies vs market average in the high-risk profile (DTI 44+, CLTV 90+)Loan-level HMDA 2025, 8,795 applications
CLTV-85 Wall25%Denial rate jump at the CLTV-85 threshold — lender's institutional overlay at the LTV boundary545K exact-CLTV records 2023–2025
DTI Cliff20%Denial rate jump at the lender's DTI threshold (typically 44→45) — the underwriting hard stop545K exact-DTI records 2023–2025
Stability15%Behavioral consistency over 3 years — does the lender's geometry stay predictable across market cycles?Archetype persistence 2023–2025

Why not include interest rates? Rate competition is visible — every comparison site covers it. FRC Lender Score captures what's invisible: how the lender's decision surface behaves once you're inside the process. Two lenders can offer the same rate and deny at 30× different rates for the same profile.

Dimension-level breakdown

LenderDisparity (40%)CLTV Wall (25%)DTI Cliff (20%)Stability (15%)Total

Limitations — read these

This score covers 6 lenders only — the full FHA market has 300+ lenders. FICO is masked in HMDA public data, so credit score is not controlled. The disparity dimension uses a 6-lender market average (not the full market). Stability scores are based on 3 years of data — longer history would strengthen them. This is a behavioral score based on observable patterns, not a regulatory finding or investment recommendation.

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FRC Lender Score methodology: Disparity = normalized denial rate vs 6-lender market average in high-risk profile (DTI 44+, CLTV 90+), weight 40%. CLTV Wall = normalized 80-84 vs 85-89 denial rate jump, weight 25%. DTI Cliff = normalized largest single-step denial jump in DTI 36-49 band, weight 20%. Stability = 3-year behavioral consistency score (archetype persistence + IPC), weight 15%. All normalized 0-100 where 100 = best observed. Source: CFPB HMDA loan-level modified LAR 2023-2025. Full data: _data/frc_lender_scores_2025.json. Not financial advice. Not a regulatory finding. Updated annually.

Related: Denial Disparity →  |  DTI Cliff →  |  CLTV-85 Trap →  |  Decision Surfaces →
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